What impacts the frequency of a behavior according to operant conditioning?

The frequency of a behavior in the context of operant conditioning is primarily influenced by reinforcement and punishment. This principle, developed by B.F. Skinner, suggests that behaviors are shaped by the consequences they produce. When a behavior is followed by reinforcement, whether positive (adding a pleasant stimulus) or negative (removing an unpleasant stimulus), it increases the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated in the future. Conversely, if a behavior is followed by punishment, it decreases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated. This dynamic interaction of reinforcing and punishing consequences directly shapes the frequency of specific behaviors, making it a fundamental aspect of operant conditioning.

In summary, reinforcement and punishment are critical elements that determine whether a behavior is strengthened or weakened, ultimately influencing how often it occurs.