What is the main focus during the oral stage of development?

The main focus during the oral stage of development is gratification through the mouth. This stage, according to Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development, occurs from birth to approximately 18 months. During this period, an infant's pleasure centers around oral activities, such as sucking, biting, and breastfeeding. These activities are critical for not only meeting the child’s physical needs but also for fostering a sense of trust and comfort.

This stage is foundational because it establishes early patterns of behavior that can influence later personality traits and attachments. Freud believed that how a child’s needs are met during this stage could lead to issues related to dependency or aggression later in life. Thus, the focus on oral gratification is essential in understanding the development of an individual's personality and coping mechanisms as they grow.

The other options address different developmental phases or processes that take place later in life. Toilet training, for example, pertains to the anal stage of development, which follows the oral stage. Coping with social relationships and physical interactions are more relevant in later stages, as the child's focus expands beyond basic physiological needs into social and interpersonal dynamics.