What is the primary function of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?

The primary function of neurotransmitters in the nervous system is to facilitate communication between neurons. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals across the synapse, which is the gap between neurons. When an electrical impulse travels down a neuron and reaches the end, neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft. They then bind to specific receptors on the adjacent neuron, either stimulating or inhibiting it. This process is crucial for various neuronal functions, including the regulation of mood, cognition, and motor control.

Facilitating communication is essential for the overall functioning of the nervous system because it allows for the transmission of information throughout the brain and body, enabling responses to stimuli and the coordination of complex behaviors.