Which model states that behaviors can be learned through observing others?

Modeling theory is the correct answer because it specifically focuses on the concept that individuals can learn new behaviors by observing and imitating others. This idea was notably advanced by Albert Bandura through his famous Bobo doll experiment, which demonstrated that children could learn aggressive behaviors by watching adults interact with the doll.

The core of modeling theory lies in the process of observation and imitation, explaining how social learning occurs without direct reinforcement or conditioning. This is a crucial aspect differentiating it from other theories, such as the conditioning model, which relies on direct experiences and consequences (reinforcement or punishment) to shape behavior. The behaviorist model also emphasizes learning behaviors through direct experience but does not capture the observational aspect as central to learning as modeling theory does. Reinforcement theory focuses on how rewards or punishments can shape behavior rather than learning through observation, which is the essence of modeling.