Who established a school of neurology in Paris during the 19th century?

Jean-Martin Charcot is recognized for establishing a school of neurology in Paris during the 19th century. He made significant contributions to the understanding of neurological disorders and is often regarded as a pioneer in the field of neurology. His work laid the foundation for many modern practices in the study of both neurological and psychological disorders. Charcot was known for his research on hysteria, where he utilized hypnotism, which further emphasized the connection between the mind and body in medical practice.

The other figures, while important in their respective areas, focused on different aspects of psychiatry and psychology. Emil Kraepelin is known for his contributions to psychiatric classification systems and the understanding of mental disorders, while Josef Breuer is recognized primarily for his work with Sigmund Freud on the development of psychoanalysis. Philippe Pinel is best known for his reforms in treating the mentally ill, advocating for more humane treatment, and is often credited with the notion of moral treatment. Each had a significant impact on their fields, but Charcot's establishment of a dedicated school of neurology is what specifically identifies him in this context.